| Venue: Francisco Márquez Olympic Pool. 24 competitors from 15 nations. |
| Final | Points | Final | Qualif. | age | | 1. Milena Duchková |  TCH | 109.59 | 57.98 | 1. | 51.61 | 3. | 16 | | 2. Natalya Lobanova |  URS | 105.14 | 51.34 | 3. | 53.80 | 1. | 21 | | 3. Ann Peterson |  USA | 101.11 | 48.97 | 4. | 52.14 | 2. | 21 | | 4. Beverly Boys |  CAN | 97.97 | 53.32 | 2. | 44.65 | 11. | 17 | | 5. Bogusława Pietkiewicz |  POL | 95.09 | 45.56 | 8. | 49.53 | 4. | 24 | | 6. Regina Krause |  FRG | 93.08 | 46.31 | 7. | 46.77 | 8. | 25 | | 7. Keiko Osaki |  JPN | 93.08 | 47.42 | 5. | 45.66 | 10. | 21 | | 8. Nancy Robertson | CAN | 90.66 | 46.56 | 3. | 44.10 | 12. | 18 | | 9. Ingeborg Pertmayr |  AUT | 89.43 | 41.20 | 9. | 48.23 | 5. | 21 | | 10.Barbara Talmage | USA | 87.29 | 40.20 | 10. | 47.09 | 7. | 27 | | 11.Ingeborg Busch | FRG | 85.31 | 38.09 | 11. | 47.22 | 6. | 24 | | 12.Mandi Haswell |  GBR | 82.33 | 36.61 | 12. | 45.72 | 9. | 19 |
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| Divers performed three voluntary dives without limit of degrees of difficulty. The final ranking was determined by the combined score with the preliminary round. |
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| | | Divers performed three compulsory dives with limited degrees of difficulty and one voluntary dive without limits. First 12 advanced to Final. |
| Ranking | Points | | 1. Natalya Lobanova | URS | 53.80 | | 2. Ann Peterson | USA | 52.14 | | 3. Milena Duchková | TCH | 51.61 | | 4. Bogusława Pietkiewicz | POL | 49.53 | | 5. Ingeborg Pertmayr | AUT | 48.23 | | 6. Ingeborg Busch | FRG | 47.22 | | 7. Barbara Talmage | USA | 47.09 | | 8. Regina Krause | FRG | 46.77 | | 9. Mandi Haswell | GBR | 45.72 | | 10.Keiko Osaki | JPN | 45.66 | | 11.Beverly Boys | CAN | 44.65 | | 12.Nancy Robertson | CAN | 44.10 | | eliminated | | 13.Bertha Baraldi |  MEX | 47.74 | | 14.Galina Alekseyeva | URS | 47.31 | | 15.Elzbieta Wierniuk | POL | 47.26 | | 16.Dora Hernández | MEX | 46.96 | | 17.Tarja Liljeström |  FIN | 46.39 | | 18.Robyn Bradshaw |  AUS | 45.58 | | 19.Sylvia Fiedler |  GDR | 43.35 | | 20.Lesley Bush | USA | 43.72 | | 21.Bruna Rossi |  ITA | 43.54 | | 22.Nataliya Karpukhina | URS | 43.52 | | 23.Claudia Reiche | GDR | 41.02 | | 24.Park Chung-Cha |  KOR | 39.03 |
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| Olympic Champions Women 10m Paltform | | 2016: | Ren Qian |  CHN | | 2012: | Chen Ruolin | CHN | | 2008: | Chen Ruolin | CHN | | 2004: | Chantelle Newbery | AUS | | 2000: | Laura Wilkinson | USA | | 1996: | Fu Mingxia | CHN | | 1992: | Fu Mingxia | CHN | | 1988: | Xu Yanmei | CHN | | 1984: | Zhou Jihong | CHN | | 1980: | Martina Jäschke | GDR | | 1976: | Elena Vaytsekhovskaya | URS | | 1972: | Ulrika Knape |  SWE | | 1968: | Milena Duchková | TCH | | 1964: | Lesley Bush | USA | | 1960: | Ingrid Krämer |  EUA | | 1956: | Pat McCormick | USA | | 1952: | Pat McCormick | USA | | 1948: | Vicki Draves | USA | | 1936: | Dorothy Poynton-Hill | USA | | 1932: | Dorothy Poynton-Hill | USA | | 1928: | Elizabeth Becker-Pinkston | USA | | 1924: | Caroline Smith | USA | | 1920: | Stefanie Clausen |  DEN | | 1912: | Greta Johansson | SWE |
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